Class HighLine::Question
In: lib/highline/question.rb
Parent: Object

Question objects contain all the details of a single invocation of HighLine.ask(). The object is initialized by the parameters passed to HighLine.ask() and then queried to make sure each step of the input process is handled according to the users wishes.

Methods

Classes and Modules

Class HighLine::Question::NoAutoCompleteMatch

Attributes

above  [RW]  Used to control range checks for answer.
answer_type  [RW]  The type that will be used to convert this answer.
below  [RW]  Used to control range checks for answer.
case  [RW]  Used to control character case processing for the answer to this question. See HighLine::Question.change_case() for acceptable settings.
character  [RW]  Can be set to true to use HighLine‘s cross-platform character reader instead of fetching an entire line of input. (Note: HighLine‘s character reader ONLY supports STDIN on Windows and Unix.) Can also be set to :getc to use that method on the input stream.

WARNING: The echo and overwrite attributes for a question are ignored when using the :getc method.

confirm  [RW]  Asks a yes or no confirmation question, to ensure a user knows what they have just agreed to. If set to true the question will be, "Are you sure? " Any other true value for this attribute is assumed to be the question to ask. When false or nil (the default), answers are not confirmed.
default  [RW]  Used to provide a default answer to this question.
directory  [RW]  The directory from which a user will be allowed to select files, when File or Pathname is specified as an answer_type. Initially set to Pathname.new(File.expand_path(File.dirname($0))).
echo  [RW]  Can be set to true or false to control whether or not input will be echoed back to the user. A setting of true will cause echo to match input, but any other true value will be treated as to String to echo for each character typed.

This requires HighLine‘s character reader. See the character attribute for details.

Note: When using HighLine to manage echo on Unix based systems, we recommend installing the termios gem. Without it, it‘s possible to type fast enough to have letters still show up (when reading character by character only).

first_answer  [W]  When set to a non nil value, this will be tried as an answer to the question. If this answer passes validations, it will become the result without the user ever being prompted. Otherwise this value is discarded, and this Question is resolved as a normal call to HighLine.ask().
gather  [RW]  When set, the user will be prompted for multiple answers which will be collected into an Array or Hash and returned as the final answer.

You can set gather to an Integer to have an Array of exactly that many answers collected, or a String/Regexp to match an end input which will not be returned in the Array.

Optionally gather can be set to a Hash. In this case, the question will be asked once for each key and the answers will be returned in a Hash, mapped by key. The @key variable is set before each question is evaluated, so you can use it in your question.

glob  [RW]  The glob pattern used to limit file selection when File or Pathname is specified as an answer_type. Initially set to "*".
in  [RW]  If set, answer must pass an include?() check on this object.
limit  [RW]  Allows you to set a character limit for input.

WARNING: This option forces a character by character read.

overwrite  [RW]  When set to true the question is asked, but output does not progress to the next line. The Cursor is moved back to the beginning of the question line and it is cleared so that all the contents of the line disappear from the screen.
question  [RW]  The ERb template of the question to be asked.
readline  [RW]  Use the Readline library to fetch input. This allows input editing as well as keeping a history. In addition, tab will auto-complete within an Array of choices or a file listing.

WARNING: This option is incompatible with all of HighLine‘s character reading modes and it causes HighLine to ignore the specified input stream.

responses  [R]  A Hash that stores the various responses used by HighLine to notify the user. The currently used responses and their purpose are as follows:
:ambiguous_completion:Used to notify the user of an ambiguous answer the auto-completion system cannot resolve.
:ask_on_error:This is the question that will be redisplayed to the user in the event of an error. Can be set to :question to repeat the original question.
:invalid_type:The error message shown when a type conversion fails.
:no_completion:Used to notify the user that their selection does not have a valid auto-completion match.
:not_in_range:Used to notify the user that a provided answer did not satisfy the range requirement tests.
:not_valid:The error message shown when validation checks fail.
validate  [RW]  If set to a Regexp, the answer must match (before type conversion). Can also be set to a Proc which will be called with the provided answer to validate with a true or false return.
whitespace  [RW]  Used to control whitespace processing for the answer to this question. See HighLine::Question.remove_whitespace() for acceptable settings.

Public Class methods

Create an instance of HighLine::Question. Expects a question to ask (can be "") and an answer_type to convert the answer to. The answer_type parameter must be a type recognized by Question.convert(). If given, a block is yeilded the new Question object to allow custom initializaion.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 34
    def initialize( question, answer_type )
      # initialize instance data
      @question    = question
      @answer_type = answer_type
      
      @character    = nil
      @limit        = nil
      @echo         = true
      @readline     = false
      @whitespace   = :strip
      @case         = nil
      @default      = nil
      @validate     = nil
      @above        = nil
      @below        = nil
      @in           = nil
      @confirm      = nil
      @gather       = false
      @first_answer = nil
      @directory    = Pathname.new(File.expand_path(File.dirname($0)))
      @glob         = "*"
      @responses    = Hash.new
      @overwrite    = false
      
      # allow block to override settings
      yield self if block_given?

      # finalize responses based on settings
      build_responses
    end

Public Instance methods

Returns the provided answer_string or the default answer for this Question if a default was set and the answer is empty.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 209
    def answer_or_default( answer_string )
      if answer_string.length == 0 and not @default.nil?
        @default
      else
        answer_string
      end
    end

Called late in the initialization process to build intelligent responses based on the details of this Question object.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 221
    def build_responses(  )
      ### WARNING:  This code is quasi-duplicated in     ###
      ### Menu.update_responses().  Check there too when ###
      ### making changes!                                ###
      append_default unless default.nil?
      @responses = { :ambiguous_completion =>
                       "Ambiguous choice.  " +
                       "Please choose one of #{@answer_type.inspect}.",
                     :ask_on_error         =>
                       "?  ",
                     :invalid_type         =>
                       "You must enter a valid #{@answer_type}.",
                     :no_completion        =>
                       "You must choose one of " +
                       "#{@answer_type.inspect}.",
                     :not_in_range         =>
                       "Your answer isn't within the expected range " +
                       "(#{expected_range}).",
                     :not_valid            =>
                       "Your answer isn't valid (must match " +
                       "#{@validate.inspect})." }.merge(@responses)
      ### WARNING:  This code is quasi-duplicated in     ###
      ### Menu.update_responses().  Check there too when ###
      ### making changes!                                ###
    end

Returns the provided answer_string after changing character case by the rules of this Question. Valid settings for whitespace are:

nil:Do not alter character case. (Default.)
:up:Calls upcase().
:upcase:Calls upcase().
:down:Calls downcase().
:downcase:Calls downcase().
:capitalize:Calls capitalize().

An unrecognized choice (like :none) is treated as nil.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 261
    def change_case( answer_string )
      if [:up, :upcase].include?(@case)
        answer_string.upcase
      elsif [:down, :downcase].include?(@case)
        answer_string.downcase
      elsif @case == :capitalize
        answer_string.capitalize
      else
        answer_string
      end
    end

Transforms the given answer_string into the expected type for this Question. Currently supported conversions are:

[…]:Answer must be a member of the passed Array. Auto-completion is used to expand partial answers.
lambda {…}:Answer is passed to lambda for conversion.
Date:Date.parse() is called with answer.
DateTime:DateTime.parse() is called with answer.
File:The entered file name is auto-completed in terms of directory + glob, opened, and returned.
Float:Answer is converted with Kernel.Float().
Integer:Answer is converted with Kernel.Integer().
nil:Answer is left in String format. (Default.)
Pathname:Same as File, save that a Pathname object is returned.
String:Answer is converted with Kernel.String().
Regexp:Answer is fed to Regexp.new().
Symbol:The method to_sym() is called on answer and the result returned.
any other Class:The answer is passed on to Class.parse().

This method throws ArgumentError, if the conversion cannot be completed for any reason.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 301
    def convert( answer_string )
      if @answer_type.nil?
        answer_string
      elsif [Float, Integer, String].include?(@answer_type)
        Kernel.send(@answer_type.to_s.to_sym, answer_string)
      elsif @answer_type == Symbol
        answer_string.to_sym
      elsif @answer_type == Regexp
        Regexp.new(answer_string)
      elsif @answer_type.is_a?(Array) or [File, Pathname].include?(@answer_type)
        # cheating, using OptionParser's Completion module
        choices = selection
        choices.extend(OptionParser::Completion)
        answer = choices.complete(answer_string)
        if answer.nil?
          raise NoAutoCompleteMatch
        end
        if @answer_type.is_a?(Array)
          answer.last
        elsif @answer_type == File
          File.open(File.join(@directory.to_s, answer.last))
        else
          Pathname.new(File.join(@directory.to_s, answer.last))
        end
      elsif [Date, DateTime].include?(@answer_type) or @answer_type.is_a?(Class)
        @answer_type.parse(answer_string)
      elsif @answer_type.is_a?(Proc)
        @answer_type[answer_string]
      end
    end

Returns a english explination of the current range settings.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 333
    def expected_range(  )
      expected = [ ]

      expected << "above #{@above}" unless @above.nil?
      expected << "below #{@below}" unless @below.nil?
      expected << "included in #{@in.inspect}" unless @in.nil?

      case expected.size
      when 0 then ""
      when 1 then expected.first
      when 2 then expected.join(" and ")
      else        expected[0..-2].join(", ") + ", and #{expected.last}"
      end
    end

Returns first_answer, which will be unset following this call.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 349
    def first_answer( )
      @first_answer
    ensure
      @first_answer = nil
    end

Returns true if first_answer is set.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 356
    def first_answer?( )
      not @first_answer.nil?
    end

Returns true if the answer_object is greater than the above attribute, less than the below attribute and included?()ed in the in attribute. Otherwise, false is returned. Any nil attributes are not checked.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 366
    def in_range?( answer_object )
      (@above.nil? or answer_object > @above) and
      (@below.nil? or answer_object < @below) and
      (@in.nil? or @in.include?(answer_object))
    end

Returns the provided answer_string after processing whitespace by the rules of this Question. Valid settings for whitespace are:

nil:Do not alter whitespace.
:strip:Calls strip(). (Default.)
:chomp:Calls chomp().
:collapse:Collapses all whitspace runs to a single space.
:strip_and_collapse:Calls strip(), then collapses all whitspace runs to a single space.
:chomp_and_collapse:Calls chomp(), then collapses all whitspace runs to a single space.
:remove:Removes all whitespace.

An unrecognized choice (like :none) is treated as nil.

This process is skipped, for single character input.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 391
    def remove_whitespace( answer_string )
      if @whitespace.nil?
        answer_string
      elsif [:strip, :chomp].include?(@whitespace)
        answer_string.send(@whitespace)
      elsif @whitespace == :collapse
        answer_string.gsub(/\s+/, " ")
      elsif [:strip_and_collapse, :chomp_and_collapse].include?(@whitespace)
        result = answer_string.send(@whitespace.to_s[/^[a-z]+/])
        result.gsub(/\s+/, " ")
      elsif @whitespace == :remove
        answer_string.gsub(/\s+/, "")
      else
        answer_string
      end
    end

Returns an Array of valid answers to this question. These answers are only known when answer_type is set to an Array of choices, File, or Pathname. Any other time, this method will return an empty Array.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 413
    def selection(  )
      if @answer_type.is_a?(Array)
        @answer_type
      elsif [File, Pathname].include?(@answer_type)
        Dir[File.join(@directory.to_s, @glob)].map do |file|
          File.basename(file)
        end
      else
        [ ]
      end      
    end

Stringifies the question to be asked.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 426
    def to_str(  )
      @question
    end

Returns true if the provided answer_string is accepted by the validate attribute or false if it‘s not.

It‘s important to realize that an answer is validated after whitespace and case handling.

[Source]

# File lib/highline/question.rb, line 437
    def valid_answer?( answer_string )
      @validate.nil? or 
      (@validate.is_a?(Regexp) and answer_string =~ @validate) or
      (@validate.is_a?(Proc)   and @validate[answer_string])
    end

[Validate]